Top line:
More than 1 billion children, adolescents and adults worldwide are obese, and obesity rates among children and adolescents have quadrupled between 1990 and 2022.
Over this period, obesity rates nearly tripled among adult men and more than doubled among women, according to results from the NCD Risk Factor Collaboration and the World Health Organization (WHO).
Meanwhile, the prevalence of underweight has decreased and obesity is now the most common form of malnutrition in most regions.
methodology:
- In this global analysis, the authors evaluated 3,663 population-based studies conducted in 200 countries and territories using data from 222 million participants in the general population, including height and weight. did.
- Trends are based on body mass index (BMI) categories in the group of adults aged 20 years and older, representing 150 million individuals and 63 million school-age children and adolescents aged 5 to 19 years, from 1990 to 2022. Established according to.
- The adult assessment focuses on the prevalence of individuals and combinations of being underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m3).2) and obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m3)2).
- For school-age children and adolescents, assessment is based on body mass index (BMI). < 2 標準偏差）でした。 [SD] WHO の成長基準の中央値を下回る）および肥満（BMI > 2 SD above the median).
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- The combined prevalence of obesity and underweight increased over the study period for women (162 countries, 81%) and men (140 countries, 70%) in most countries, with obesity increasing in almost all countries. As a result, underweight increased. or the thinning rate decreased.
- By 2022, obesity rates will exceed underweight in 177 countries (89%) for women and 145 countries (73%) for men.
- Similarly, among school-age children and adolescents, in 2022, obesity was more prevalent than underweight among girls (67%) in 130 countries and boys (63%) in 125 countries; Only 18% and 21% were more common. each country.
- In 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity was highest in the Caribbean, Polynesia, the island states of Micronesia, and countries in the Middle East and North Africa.
- Among school-aged children, the countries with the highest combined prevalence of underweight and obesity were Polynesia, Micronesia, and the Caribbean for both boys and girls, and Chile and Qatar for boys.
- Obesity prevalence exceeded 60% in women in eight countries (4%) and men in six countries (3%) (both in Polynesia and Micronesia).
- In the United States, the obesity rate for women increased from 21.2% in 1990 to 43.8% in 2022, and the obesity rate for men increased from 16.9% to 41.6% in 2022.
- As of 2022, the United States ranks 36th in the world in obesity rates for women and 10th in the world for men.
in fact:
“It is extremely worrying that the obesity epidemic that was evident among adults in many parts of the world in 1990 is now being mirrored in school-age children and adolescents,” said the Imperial Society of London.・College lead author Dr. Majid Ezzati said. , UK, in a press statement.
“At the same time, hundreds of millions of people remain affected by undernourishment, especially in some of the world's poorest regions,” he said. “To successfully address both forms of malnutrition, it is important to significantly improve the availability and affordability of healthy, nutritious foods.”
In a press statement, WHO Director-General Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said, “This new study shows that obesity can be prevented and managed from childhood to adulthood through diet, physical activity and, where appropriate, appropriate care.” “We emphasize the importance of this,” he added.
“Getting the world back on track to achieving global obesity targets will require government and community efforts, supported by evidence-based policies from the WHO and national public health agencies,” he said. .
“Importantly, we need the cooperation of the private sector, and the private sector must be held accountable for the health impacts of its products.”
sauce:
This study was published on February 29, 2024. lancet. This study was conducted by the NCD Risk Factor Collaboration and WHO.
Limitations:
Differences in data between countries include that for some countries data was limited and for others data was non-existent, so estimates had to be made using data from other countries. I did. Additionally, data availability was lower for the youngest and oldest patients, increasing data uncertainty in these age groups. Additionally, health survey data can contain errors, and BMI can be an imperfect measure of the extent and distribution of body fat.
Disclosure:
The research was funded by the UK Medical Research Council, UK Research and Innovation and the European Commission.
